Located at the junction of Zhidan road and Yanchang West Road, Zhidanyuan sluice site of Yuan Dynasty is one of the best preserved ancient water conservancy projects in China so far
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It is of great significance to understand the historical changes and water conservancy development of Suzhou River
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Today, let’s read this large-scale, well-made and well preserved Zhidanyuan Yuan Yuan Dynasty sluice
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Zhidanyuan Yuan Yuan Dynasty sluice site Zhidanyuan Yuan Yuan Dynasty sluice site is located at 619 Yanchang West Road, which was the old road of Zhaopu, a tributary of Wusong River (Suzhou River) in song and Yuan Dynasties
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The sluice site was discovered in May 2001 and officially excavated in May 2002
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The sluice site covers an area of 1300 square meters and is 7 meters deep from the earth’s surface
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The sluice takes the bluestone gate as the center, and the inner width of the gate is 6.8 meters; the surface of the overflow stone at the bottom of the sluice is 32 meters long, and the widest part is 30 meters, which is paved with rectangular bluestone slabs, 1-1.35 meters long and 0.6-0.8 meters wide
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The stone slab is inlaid with the iron ingot tenon between the stone slab, and there is a stone lined board under the board, a wooden beam under the board, and a wooden pile support under the wooden beam
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On the north and south sides of the sluice, there are stone wall revetments with a height of 2.1 meters and a width of 60 cm, and a length of 47 meters
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The profile of the gate foundation in the exhibition hall of Zhidanyuan Yuan Yuan sluice is of great significance for understanding the historical changes and water conservancy development of Suzhou River
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It is one of the best preserved ancient water conservancy projects in China so far, and has been rated as one of the top ten archaeological discoveries in 2006
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In 2013, it was announced as a national key cultural relics protection unit
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The Yuan Dynasty sluice site museum in Shanghai, built on the site, opened on December 31, 2012
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Shanghai Yuan Dynasty sluice site museum is built for the protection, research and exhibition of the sluice site
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It is the first Heritage Museum in Shanghai
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The museum displays this unique cultural heritage to the public from the aspects of the discovery process, historical background, construction process, sluice structure, technological function and so on
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Now it is the patriotism education base of Shanghai, the youth archaeology base of Shanghai, the patriotism education base of Putuo District and the volunteer service base of Putuo District
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The story of the excavation of the site: in 2001, when the Zhidanyuan residential building base located at the junction of Zhidan road and Yanchang West Road was piling, the drill bit couldn’t get into the ground all the time, so the construction personnel had to customize the high-strength diamond drill for drilling and grinding
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After grinding the drill for three days, the ancient relics such as slate and wood were brought up from the 7-meter-deep underground
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The joint of the two bluestone slabs is reinforced with iron ingot tenons shaped like silver ingots of the Yuan Dynasty
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The stone slab is lined with two chequered fir boards, which are reinforced with horseback nails
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There is a fir beam with mortise under the board
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A well-designed, large-scale and important site of stone hydraulic structure was discovered
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The excavation of Zhidanyuan sluice site of Yuan Dynasty created two firsts of Shanghai archaeology at that time: the first large-scale excavation site in Shanghai urban area; the first scale excavation project invested in the history of Shanghai archaeology
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At the same time, it is the largest, best made and best preserved Yuan Dynasty sluice excavated in China
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The history of sluice Wusong River played an important role in the rise and development of Shanghai in Tang and Song dynasties
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However, during the song and Yuan Dynasties, the Wusong River was gradually silted up and flooded, which seriously affected the economic development of Shanghai and even the whole Yangtze River Delta
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Therefore, harnessing the Wusong River system became an important water conservancy task in Jiangnan area in that period
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Ren Renfa, a water conservancy expert of the Yuan Dynasty, recorded in volume 4 of his water conservancy collection the site selection and construction purpose of the stone sluice during the TAIDING period: “in Zhaopu of Jiading Prefecture, Pingjiang, and panjiabang and Wunijing of Shanghai county, Jiaxing, two stone sluice gates were set up respectively, which were opened and closed according to the time, so as to control the muddy tide and make the clear water in the sluice return to the sea Stop silting up the river
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” The location of Zhaopu is recorded in the three Wu Shui Kao: “to the East is taoshupu, to the East is dachangpu, to the East is Zhaopu, to the East is Pengyuepu, to the East is lujingpu, all of which lead to zoumatang in the north and Wusongjiang in the south.” Today, dachangpu and Pengyuepu are still in existence, but Zhaopu between them is lost
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The Shuizha site is located between Pengyuepu and dachangpu, only 1km away from Suzhou River
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Panjiahong and Wunijing are located in Jiangnan of Wusong and Shanghai county of Yuan Dynasty, far away from the site
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Therefore, the researchers infer that this sluice should be a stone sluice built in Zhaopu in the second year of yuantaiding
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Ren Renfa (1254-1327), the designer of the sluice, was born in Qinglong Town (now Baihe Town, Qingpu District, Shanghai) with the name of Ziming and ziyao
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Ren Renfa devoted most of his life to the cause of water conservancy
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He successively presided over the repair of the collapse of the Yanguan seawall, the siltation of the Lianhu Lake in Zhenjiang, the repair of the Dadu (now Beijing, known as Dadu in the Yuan Dynasty) sluice, and the dredging of Tonghui river
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Ren Renfa is good at calligraphy and painting, especially painting horses
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He once painted famous horses in the Royal stables
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The painting of two horses is now in the Palace Museum, and the painting of autumn water Fu Fu is in the Shanghai Museum
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Shanghai Yuan Dynasty sluice Site Museum 1
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Address: 619 Yanchang West Road 2
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Opening hours: 9:00-16:30 (check-in stops at 16:00), closed on Monday (except national holidays) 3
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Consultation and reservation telephone: 152143800204, free visit 5
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Recommended punch in and photo shooting point: museum’s external sequence Hall 6
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Warm tips: please take personal protective measures when visiting the tourist route Recommended tourist route: Jade Buddha Temple (170 Anyuan Road) – Shanghai Yuan Dynasty sluice Site Museum (619 Yanchang West Road) – Caoyang New Village History Museum (199 Huaxi Road) – Zhenru Temple (399 Lanxi Road) – Jade Buddha Temple Shanghai Yuan Dynasty sluice site museum Caoyang New Village History Museum Zhenru Temple The Yufo temple in the Xu Dynasty, the sluice site in the Yuan Dynasty, and the Caoyang New Village, the first group of new workers in New China, are also served with a special mutton noodle soup
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It’s refreshing to relive the past
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A wonderful review of the past architecture can be read: let the ancient villages radiate the vitality of the times! The story of Guangfulin is long and charming
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Architecture can be read: Jiading Confucius Temple, the largest ancient architectural complex in Northwest Shanghai, can be read: Chuansha, a 180 year old building, has left many celebrities’ footprints
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Architecture can be read: the years of “cars and horses are far away and letters are slow” are engraved in this building
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Architecture can be read: from “black stone” to “black glue”, this century old apartment is dazzling Around the sound of the years, architecture can be read: quiet years, into the Jinshan old house of the “big guy” story! Architecture can be read: a classical garden of Ming Dynasty, a pearl hidden in the old city
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Architecture can be read: Fashion freshmen of century old cotton mill
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Materials: Municipal Bureau of culture and tourism
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Editors: Ruan Tianlin and Wu Weijia.
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