Emergency exit is the basic measure to ensure the safe evacuation of people in case of fire
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Generally, the number of emergency exits in each fire compartment or each floor of a fire compartment should not be less than 2
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However, sometimes, due to the fact that the actual situation does not allow, the situation of borrowing emergency exits may occur in the design process
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The following editor will learn how to borrow emergency exits with you Use the relevant knowledge
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The arrangement of this article is to list the borrowing regulations of factory building, warehouse and civil building exit, then summarize the differences between them, and finally explain how to calculate the borrowing of civil building exit
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When it comes to emergency exit, we have to talk about what is emergency exit
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Emergency exit refers to the stairwell for evacuation and the entrance and exit of outdoor stairs or the exit leading to the indoor and outdoor safety area
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1、 The emergency exit of the plant is borrowed from the underground or semi underground plant (including the underground or semi basement)
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When multiple fire compartments are arranged adjacent to each other and separated by firewalls, each fire compartment can use the class a fire door on the firewall leading to the adjacent fire compartment as the second emergency exit, but each fire compartment must have at least one independent emergency exit leading to the outside
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2、 The emergency exit of the warehouse is borrowed from the underground or semi underground warehouse (including underground or semi basement)
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When multiple fire compartments are arranged adjacent to each other and separated by firewalls, each fire compartment can use the class a fire door on the firewall leading to the adjacent fire compartment as the second emergency exit, but each fire compartment must have at least one emergency exit leading to the outside
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3、 The fire exits of civil buildings are all directly connected to the outdoor fire compartment with class I and class II fire resistance rating
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The class a fire door leading to the adjacent fire compartment can be used as the fire exit, but the following requirements should be met: 1
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When the class a fire door leading to the adjacent fire compartment is used as the fire exit, the fire wall and the adjacent fire door should be used The fire compartment should be separated; 2
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For the fire compartment with a building area of more than 1000 m2, there should be no less than two emergency exits leading to the outside; 3
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The net evacuation width of the fire compartment leading to the adjacent fire compartment should not be greater than 30% of the total net evacuation width required by the calculation, and the building floor should be divided into three levels The total net width of the emergency exit directly to the outside shall not be less than the total net width required for evacuation
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4、 The fire resistance rating of industrial buildings and civil buildings are the same, both are grade one and grade two
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Note: in the article of borrowing emergency exit for civil buildings, it is clearly stipulated that the premise of borrowing is that the fire resistance rating of buildings is grade I and grade II, but in the regulations of borrowing emergency exit for factories and warehouses, it is not clear whether grade I and grade II are needed
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However, when the factory and warehouse are set in the underground part, the fire resistance rating should not be lower than grade II
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In fact, it is equivalent to stipulating that the fire resistance rating of the factory and warehouse is grade I and grade II when they are borrowed
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2) When borrowing, the adjacent fire compartments should be separated by firewalls, that is, fire shutter or fire partition water curtain should not be used
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3) class a fire doors leading to adjacent fire compartments can be used as emergency exits
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2
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Differences 1) factory buildings and warehouses are only allowed to be borrowed from underground parts, while civil buildings can be borrowed from both above ground and underground parts
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2) It is not stipulated how to determine the total clear width of evacuation in factories and warehouses, and how to determine the total clear width of evacuation in civil buildings
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Note: it is rare that the workshop is set in the underground with multi-storey and large number of people to be evacuated, but there are fewer people in the warehouse, so the calculation method of the total evacuation width of the underground part is not emphasized in the specification
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5、 For example, a place has three floors, and each floor is divided into two fire compartments a and B
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the total clear evacuation width of fire compartment a is 10m, and that of fire compartment B is 20m
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Fire compartment a uses fire compartment B for evacuation, then the total net width of class a fire door from fire compartment a to fire compartment B shall not be greater than 10 × 30% = 3M (the net evacuation width from the fire compartment to the adjacent fire compartment shall not be greater than 30% of the calculated total net evacuation width), the total net evacuation width of fire compartment B shall not be less than 20 + 3 = 23m, and the total net evacuation width of this floor shall not be smaller At 10 + 20 = 30m or 7 + 23 = 30m (the total net width of the emergency exit on each floor leading to the outside of the building shall not be less than the calculated total net width of evacuation), not less than 7 + 20 = 27m or 10 + 3 + 20 = 23m..
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