The middle hall is spacious and bright.
It is a place to worship ancestors, gods and visitors.
In the Minnan language, “CuO” is a house.
Small potted flowers may be arranged in the yard, leaving a large space for visitors to park their vehicles, sedans and horses; Or it is arranged as a garden, flowers and trees, rockery and pond.
The back porch can be arranged as a small study.
It is a treasure of China and even the world…
In the name of a single building, take three falls as an example.
There is a “deep well” (patio) in front of each hall of the ancient house in Southern Fujian to ensure that the hall is open and bright, ventilated and daylighting.
In the case of single protected houses, alleys are often left on the other side, which can not only serve as another channel for the front and back to form their own units, but also protect the main house from the activities of neighbors.
It has the function of shading and cooling.
The big houses with two entrances are small three bays or small five bays.
In case of important guests, it can also be extended to the back porch for secret talks.
It is also a resting place for guests and attendants.
Southern Fujian culture and Hakka culture belong to two completely different cultures.
It looks like a temple and is magnificent.
It is a typical example of ancient folk houses in China.
On both sides of the hall are East and west large rooms, which are the main living rooms.
In terms of region and culture, Southern Fujian includes most of Quanzhou, Xiamen and Zhangzhou, most of Xinluo District and Zhangping City of Longyan City, and does not include Hakka areas (except Xinluo District and Zhangping City of Longyan City).
The “beech head” is often open towards the courtyard, so that the big room can not only ventilate, but also avoid the forced radiation of the sun.
In addition to the wing rooms, the longitudinal long houses built on both sides or one side are “protective houses”.
There are two wing rooms on both sides in front of the main house, commonly known as “beech head”.
The ancient houses in Southern Fujian are mainly “official style houses”, so they are also known as “starting from the Imperial Palace”.
The ancient houses in Southern Fujian refer to the traditional folk houses in Southern Fujian.
This three bay structure of “one light and two darkness” is the most basic unit of ancient houses in Southern Fujian.
Five bays, that is, about three bays, and then one room is expanded.
The door of the large room is hung with a curtain, which is lit by a small window on the roof, and the interior is dark.
Before the first landing, that is, in front of the house, the reserved outdoor square is called “Cheng”.
Ancient houses in Southern Fujian are mainly distributed in Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Putian, as well as Quangang, Dehua, Yongchun, Anxi, Nan’an, Hui’an, Jinjiang, Shishi, Nanjing, Pinghe, Yunxiao, Zhao’an, Dongshan, Zhangpu, Longhai, Hua’an, Changtai, etc.
It is usually closed and separated from the back porch.
According to the depth, it can be divided into five types: one entry, two entry, three entry, four entry and five entry.
Fujian is abbreviated as min, and southern Fujian refers to the south of Fujian.
In the inheritance of ancient houses in Southern Fujian, “red brick culture” is not only a summary of the development and achievements of the architectural characteristics of ancient houses in Southern Fujian, but also a culture connected with the spiritual world of the people in Southern Fujian.
According to the size of the Bay, the folk generally call this kind of courtyard building three room Zhang and five room Zhang.
Hundreds of ancient houses on the land of Southern Fujian are the beautiful wishes of people in Southern Fujian for life.
The ancient houses are similar in general, but some details are different.
Based on the layout of “one bright and two dark”, the ancient house is a courtyard building derived from the combination of several single buildings and external space.
Those with three entrances or more are called big three bays or big five bays.
“One entry” is commonly known as “one fall”, for example, “three entry” is “three falls”.
It is also the most representative traditional building in Southern Fujian.
There are purlin steps in front of the big room, which is the place for grooming.
They also brew rich and colorful architectural expressions of ancient houses, forming a deep and unique heritage of red brick culture.
The back wall of the hall is mostly separated by large wooden doors that can be opened and folded.
In many areas, it is also known as “red brick house”.
Usually, the first entry is called “falling” (falling forward), the second entry is called “top falling” (falling up), and the third entry is called “falling back”.
“Light hall and dark house” is the layout feature of ancient houses in Southern Fujian.
There is a back room behind the big room, which is the room for maidservants and concubines or the storage room for personal belongings and boxes and cages.
The front fall and the back fall are connected by two “beech heads”, which is very convenient for the two falls.
The red brick house is a house built with red bricks.
In addition, some auxiliary rooms can be added to protect the house, which can be used as places for kitchens and sundries, guest houses, servant rooms, or study rooms.
Its main features are: the front courtyard and the back courtyard, facing south, three or five bays with double protection, red brick and white stone walls, hard mountain roof and double upturned swallowtail ridge.
When something happens, you can open the large wooden door and combine the hall with the back porch to increase the activity space.
