2) The application cost of BIM Technology is high..
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See Figure 1 for energy conservation and emission reduction data of prefabricated buildings.
The principle is to fit the BIM model with the three-dimensional laser scanned image, so as to meet the requirements of rapid quality inspection of prefabricated components, efficient and accurate modeling and accurate recording of project progress.
The geometric characteristics of each structure of the building can be drawn through the three-dimensional modeling technology of BIM Technology to gradually establish a complete building model.
When the state information of prefabricated components changes, BIM as a multidimensional database can not record and process it in time and completely.
Professor Ma Zhiliang of Tsinghua University first put forward the concept of “intelligent construction of prefabricated buildings based on BIM”.
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This paper aims to study the intelligent construction of prefabricated buildings based on BIM, analyze the problems existing in the process of the combination of BIM Technology and prefabricated buildings, establish a complete architecture and detailed process application, and put forward the promotion policies conducive to the development of intelligent construction of prefabricated buildings based on BIM.
Compared with other pillar industries such as automobile, steel and equipment manufacturing, China’s construction industry has more obvious problems such as lack of innovative production technology, low economic conversion rate and uncoordinated with ecology.
Compared with the commonly used paper plan in the past, this technical method can make the spatial characteristics of buildings more clear and intuitive.
it can pass the collision inspection before the actual construction to avoid the occurrence of “error, leakage, collision and lack” in the design stage, so as to save the design cost and labor force.
In recent years, China’s construction industry has developed well, and the total output value shows a stable upward trend, which has made an important contribution to the rapid development of China’s economy.
1) BIM + VR / AR technology is mainly used to build a virtual construction site, display the construction technology of important nodes and interactive scene roaming.
Compared with the traditional cast-in-place technology, prefabricated building has the characteristics of energy conservation and environmental protection, high construction efficiency and high degree of informatization.
In view of the above problems, “BIM + Internet of things technology” applies radio frequency technology and BIM Technology to the production of prefabricated buildings.
2) Collaborative design.
The basic unit of prefabricated building is prefabricated components.
At the same time, it will also improve the information management level of prefabricated buildings to a new level.
With the progress of the project, add new “components” to the basic platform.
In the construction stage, the above methods can also be used to make construction simulation animation.
Moreover, the construction industry does not have a reasonable and effective operation system in some production links, which often leads to a series of problems such as long construction cycle, high labor cost and low degree of informatization.
The role of BIM is to establish an information platform that covers all building information, establish a model and realize information integration and interaction (see Figure 2).
4) Collision check.
BIM Technology can integrate and utilize the data by using the physical data management and digital display functions.
Information interaction is not timely, list bills are incomplete, calculation errors and other phenomena occur from time to time, so that the construction party, construction party, supervisor and other participants in prefabricated construction projects can not understand the project construction in real time.
BIM modeling software can automatically generate corresponding plan, elevation, section and node details.
5) Rendering and animation display.
BIM makes modern architectural design more efficient and intelligent, which not only improves comfort, but also reduces resource waste.
The integration of information technology into prefabricated buildings plays a vital role in the transformation and upgrading of China’s construction industry.
In recent years, China’s construction information field has gradually attracted the attention of all parties, and the investment in it is also increasing year by year, but the problems such as weak content comprehensiveness and weak intersection are still prominent, and the research on the integrated application of modern information technology in the construction field is obviously insufficient.
Problems in the application of BIM Technology in prefabricated buildings 1) lack of tracking ability of prefabricated components.
From the “production” of prefabricated components to the midway “transportation and stacking” and “mobilization and assembly” are the key to the management of prefabricated components.
If the above problems are not solved, the real-time tracking and statistics technology of information should be upgraded.
He stressed the importance of adopting the latest information technology for technology and management integration in the whole life cycle of buildings, so as to realize the industrialization and intelligence of prefabricated building construction.
First, establish the basic model platform.
Collaborative design, that is, designers and managers participate in planning and design together on the same platform, is a great innovation in the design direction of the construction industry.
Solid buildings can be transformed into model files through BIM Technology, and then these model files can be input into the corresponding analysis software to realize building performance optimization.
Analysis on the current situation of intelligent construction of prefabricated buildings based on BIM compared with some developed countries, such as France, Germany and Japan, China is still in the initial stage of studying prefabricated buildings, the technical system needs to be improved, and the scope of application is not wide enough.
3) BIM + Internet of things technology in traditional construction projects, engineering material tracking is often a difficult work.
This “virtual construction” method can enable construction workers, managers and supervisors to find possible technical problems, quality problems and safety problems in the construction process in advance, and can effectively avoid all kinds of problems in the actual construction stage.
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Compared with traditional manual calculation, it is more time-saving and reliable.
the use of simulation analysis technology can clearly judge whether the building design meets the comfort and low energy consumption, and make targeted adjustments to the unreasonable design.
Engineering materials can be tracked regardless of material size, which will greatly improve the information collection ability.
2) BIM + 3D laser scanning technology can map the construction site and reflect the real information, especially for the construction site with difficult observation, which can highlight the advantages of this technology.
It can start from each time node, observe the construction process from multiple angles, and then plan to select the best construction scheme, so as to make the construction organization design of prefabricated buildings more efficient and reasonable, and better ensure the personal safety of workers and construction progress, Save time and cost.
At the same time, it also puts forward higher requirements for the management ability of construction technicians and the refinement of design.
The proportion of new buildings in China is only 15%, and that in key areas is 20%, which is lower than 35% ~ 40% in developed countries, But its total output value is rising steadily.
At the same time, it also meets the requirements of “building informatization” proposed by the policy.
The analysis software can simulate the sunlight exposure, analyze the air flow body, calculate the energy consumption data of the building, simulate the walking situation of users, etc.
Collaborative technology can provide an “interactive” information exchange platform.
While designing this major, you can query and refer to the design schemes of other industries to improve the innovation ability of the project in the design stage.
SketchUp, 3dmax and other tools are the modeling software commonly used in the project scheme design stage, and then through lumion, Enscape and other rendering software to establish the model scene, generate three-dimensional animation, and display the scheme in the form of three-dimensional effect drawing or animation.
Application status and problems of BIM Technology in prefabricated buildings in China 1) 3D modeling design.
However, the resources used by the construction industry account for 40% of the total human natural resources, and the garbage generated by construction accounts for 40% of the total garbage in the world.
“Three dimensional information model” is the core of BIM Technology.
3) Building performance optimization.
“Collision” often occurs in the construction process, which is usually caused by ignoring the spatial dimension relationship between various equipment or building materials and the interior of the building.
The commonly used “collision inspection” software in BIM includes NavisWorks, fuzor, etc.
