It is mainly distributed in Jiangsu and Zhejiang: Humble Administrator’s garden, Liuyuan, Wangshi garden, Langcang hall, etc.
They are green all year round to set off the color of the garden, or more vines and vines are planted to increase the wild interest of the mountains and forests.
The Great Wall is famous at home and abroad for its location in Yanshan Mountain and connecting the pass.
When scholars and bureaucrats in the North built gardens, they often invited famous teachers in Jiangsu and Zhejiang to make plans and preside over them.
Mount Tai’s Zen worship is the favorite of emperors of all dynasties.
Some can only build dry gardens on the flat ground.
Jiangnan gardens are blessed by nature and carefully cultivated by gardeners, so there are flowers all the year round.
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In the early Qing Dynasty, the three mountains and five gardens in Beijing (see Yuanmingyuan) and the summer resort in Rehe were built to imitate the artistic conception of gardens in the south of the Yangtze River.
It is mainly distributed in Beijing and Hebei: Gongwangfu garden and miwanzhong spoon Garden (part of Peking University).
The most famous Mountain Tai and the great wall are mountain scenery.
Yangzhou has always been famous for dill flowers.
Northern gardens The planning and layout of the garden, the central axis and the use of landscape lines are more, which endows the garden with a dignified and rigorous style.
Taihu Lake produces rare stones, which are exquisite and colorful.
In the area of Shandong, adjacent to Jiangsu, there are signs that the gardens imitate the gardens in the south of the Yangtze River.
Compared with the whole garden area, the water surface ratio of northern gardens is very small.
They were active in Jiangnan and made great contributions to garden art.
This style of literati garden was later adopted by yamen offices, temples, guild halls, gardens attached to academies, and even royal gardens.
Jiangnan gardens follow the path of literati gardens and are elegant.
The water surface is small.
Compared with the south, this area has less rainfall and fewer lakes in North China.
Bluestone is widely used in Hebei and Beijing, both flat and vertical.
There are also those who appreciate their voices, such as lotus leaves and plantains in the rain, birds singing on the branches, cicadas singing, etc.
Today’s survivors, Yangzhou piece of Stone Mountain House rockery, spread Shi Tao’s hand.
The mountain worship of northern gardens is reflected in the pile of mountains in the gardens.
The climate and soil in Jiangnan are suitable for the growth of flowers and trees.
According to the tradition of Chinese gardens, Jiangnan gardens are not congmang and disorganized, although they focus on nature.
Fangshan stone, which is similar to Taihu stone, is called North Taihu stone, which is the most common, because it is produced in Fangshan District of Beijing, which is more convenient from mining to transportation.
The arrangement principles are as follows: tall trees shade the hot sun, plant simple or beautiful tree shapes (such as Qiu song and rouliu) for appreciation, supplemented by the color and aroma of flowers, fruits and leaves (such as osmanthus, red maple, kumquat, Chimonanthus, autumn chrysanthemum, etc.).
The buildings in the Genyue and Yuanyuan of Huizong of Song Dynasty all imitate the white houses in Jiangsu and Zhejiang without multicolored.
The Huangshi Lake stone fake mountain in Yanyuan, Changshu has lost its old view after repair.
There is often a scene of Chengguan in the garden, which is the portrayal of the Great Wall.
Suzhou gardens can be regarded as a collection of plants, and there are many rare flowers and precious trees, such as Camellia in the Humble Administrator’s garden and rattan planted by Ming painter Wen Zhengming.
For example, the fun garden of Qingyi Garden imitates Jichang Garden, and the Siyi bookstore of Yuanmingyuan imitates Haining Anlan garden; XIAOJINSHAN and Yanyu buildings in the summer resort are based on the garden architecture in the south of the Yangtze River.
Second, there are many kinds of flowers and trees, and the layout is legal.
These are enough to show that Jiangnan gardens characterized by poetic and picturesque literati gardens have become the mainstream of Chinese gardens after the Song Dynasty.
In modern parks, many Holly hedgerow shrubs are often used as boundary materials and winter scenery..
The fusion of architectural beauty and natural beauty the taste, artistic conception and implication of poetry and painting the characteristics of Chinese classical gardens are derived from nature and higher than nature.
Therefore, the towering Mount Tai and Yanshan in the plain have become symbols in people’s minds.
Local physical geography is also closely related.
Jiangnan gardens have three remarkable characteristics: First, superimposed stone and water.
Third, the architectural style is elegant and simple.
New species and wonders emerged one after another, known as Huarui.
Song Huishang Ying Yue, set up flower stone class dedicated to carrying Taihu Shifeng, scattered relics still exist, such as Shanghai Yu Garden jade Linglong, Hangzhou botanical garden crepe Yunfeng, Suzhou Rui Yunfeng.
For example, Shihu garden is the garden owner who travels to the south of the Yangtze River and then goes home to create the garden.
Mount Tai ranks first in the mountains.
The layout is free, the architecture is simple, the halls are arranged at will, the structure is informal, and the pavilions, pavilions, corridors and sills turn around.
Shrubs include clove, Begonia, peony, peony and lotus, most of which cannot survive the winter.
Although Taihu stone is the most favored stone in aesthetics, it is not very common because it is far from the south of the Yangtze River.
In contrast to the rigid symmetry of palaces, temples and houses, they are known for their freshness and freedom.
In terms of plants, willows, locust trees, pines, cypresses, poplars, elms and other arbors are widely used in northern gardens, among which pines, cypresses and willows are the most, because they have strong cold resistance and can survive the winter.
In addition to the lakes occupied by the royal gardens, the kings and nobles can only get the leftovers of the royal gardens.
gardens in the south of the Yangtze River Influenced by poetry and painting, gardens pursue the “poetic and picturesque” of gardens.
Even if there is water in the gardens, the water surface is very small, and there are many dry Gardens in modern parks.
It is impossible to have both vast plains and vertical and horizontal waterways like the south of the Yangtze River.
In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were many famous stone folding masters, such as Zhou Bingzhong, Ji Cheng, Zhang Nanyuan, Shi Tao and Ge Yuliang.
The isolated earth mountains in the garden are like Mount Tai.
Of course, the royal family and nobles in the Qing Dynasty also had the power, financial resources and manpower to build such a magnificent mountain.
Jiangnan Water Town is good at waterscape and water and stone complement each other, forming the main landscape of the garden.
in Suzhou.
Such as Qionghua island in the North Sea, Duixiu mountain in royal garden, Jingshan mountain in Jingshan Park, rockery in Prince Gong’s house garden, etc.
The gardens are majestic, with high and strong as the beauty.
The restriction of water source and quantity is the restrictive factor of northern gardens.
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In addition to Taihu stone, Huangshi and Xuanshi are also used.
Therefore, there are fewer in Beijing and more in Shandong.
There are many kinds of bamboos in the south of the Yangtze River.
Ge Yuliang stacked mountains, represented by the rockery of Huanxiu villa in Suzhou, are still intact.
The mountain has a large area and high height.
They are planted in the court for enjoyment.
However, Fangshan stone is not very common in Shandong.
Most garden stones in the north are Fangshan stone, Taihu stone and bluestone, especially bluestone with local characteristics.
In the early Qing Dynasty, Yangzhou had the best peony in the world.