The setting and change of the Bay scale the site design determines the width and depth of the overall scale of the building.
The two stages of modular development are measured by the degree of modularization.
The modular system based on wood construction technology is constantly developing and evolving with the progress of technology.
Cell baselines vary from object to object and are associated with each other.
Our forefathers got the concept of unit benchmark from the equal division of the whole, and then used it as a method to design, measure and grasp the whole.
As a kind of production and design method, the modulus making of ancient Chinese architecture is compatible with the nature of ancient Chinese architecture and is inevitable for the development of ancient Chinese architecture technology.
1、 The relationship between part and whole as a design method, the characteristics of the ancient Chinese modular system are fully reflected in the relationship between part and whole.
The composition and production mode of prefabrication and assembly of ancient Chinese buildings determine that the basic content of the ancient Chinese modular system is standardization and standardization, that is, the standardization and standardization of material processing and component production, in cooperation with the requirements of “prefabrication” and “assembly” in production and construction.
Its basic idea and method is to balance and grasp the relationship between the whole and the control part based on the unit benchmark, forming a unique proportion view between parts and the whole.
This understanding and grasp of the relationship between the part and the whole in the composition shows the traditional thinking mode of ancient China.
The design method is from the whole to the part, and the whole determines the part, with the principle of giving priority to the whole.
Analyzing the general trend and tendency of the evolution of architectural modular system in ancient China, the change of modular method and the change of modular degree are the two main aspects.
There have been fundamental changes in thinking methods before and after.
The significance of modularization of building scale composition lies in the orderly organization of the proportional relationship between parts and parts and between parts and the whole, and the relationship and evolution between parts and the whole have become an important symbol of the change of modular nature and design technology.
3、 Transformation of the relationship between part and the whole 1.
The modular ideas and design methods of the two stages are very different, which reflects the process of design technology change from one side.
The changes in the previous two stages reflect the evolution process of the development of modular technology from partial modularization to overall modularization.
2、 The two major stages of the development of the modular system are the two major stages of the evolution of the modular system, which are distinguished by the relationship between parts and the whole, that is, the two stages of the whole determining the part and the part dominating the whole.
The turning point of this transformation is the appearance of patching and its restriction on the opening scale..
The above deduction on the transformation of the relationship between parts and the whole will be discussed from the following two aspects: the setting of the Bay scale and the change of the beam lifting and folding method.
As for the setting of the Bay size, there will be corresponding changes with the change of the design technology.
It can be seen from the literature records and the texture analysis that the gap size composition has undergone a change from the integer scale gap to the non integer scale gap.
In terms of the changes in the previous two stages, the former determines the part by the division of the whole, and the latter dominates the whole by the repetition of the part.
The former is represented by component modularization, that is, partial modularization stage, and the latter is represented by individual modularization, that is, overall modularization stage.
In short, the purpose of the relationship between modular parts and the whole is to establish the overall composition relationship based on the unit benchmark and control the proportional relationship between parts.
The so-called whole is a relative concept, which is aimed at a certain unit benchmark.
Its root lies in the change of design methods, that is, in the relationship between parts and the whole, from the whole determining the part to the part dominating the whole.
The development of things has its own laws and logic, and it is continuous and interrelated, so that things are no longer isolated but interdependent.
The development of architectural modular system in history has different characteristics and changes in different periods.
What is the significance behind this phenomenon? The analysis should be based on the change of the measurement unit, that is, the change of the constituent unit of the Bay scale from the construction ruler to the modular ruler.
Comparing the characteristics of the two major stages, the former stage emphasizes the whole and pays attention to the structural relationship of the whole.
That is to say, the degree of modularization and its changes are accompanied by and correspond to the evolution of the modular stage.
The expression of this unit benchmark idea in architecture is the modular method of “taking materials as the ancestor”, but the architectural modular system has its own characteristics.
Although historical phenomena are much more complicated than analytical reasoning, as an analysis and discussion, we try to grasp its main vein and basic characteristics, summarize the general laws and logical processes of its development, and hope to approach and reflect the real historical process.
The design method is from the part to the whole, and the part dominates the whole, with the principle of giving priority to the part.
This concept of grasping the overall composition based on unit is reflected in a series of system compositions, from the well field system to grasp the social population, to establish the overall social order, to the strip workshop system to establish the overall structure of the capital, to grasp the social functions of the capital, and then to the modular building production.
In terms of the relationship between parts and the whole, the evolution trend since the Sui and Tang Dynasties has been from the whole to part method to the part to whole method, which can be roughly divided into two stages before and after the evolution of modulus, namely, the two stages of the whole determining the part and the part dominating the whole.
The development of the modular system in ancient China is the same.
The whole of one composition may be the unit of another composition.
This leads to two meanings of the relationship between parts and the whole, one is the master-slave relationship and its changes between parts and the whole in the modular design method, and the other is the evolution relationship between partial modularization and overall modularization in the modular degree.
This concept should originally come from the equal division of the whole.
The so-called unit benchmark refers to the measurement unit or standard used to weigh the size and proportion of other relevant parts.
This concept and principle of proportion were embodied in the well field system as early as the Warring States period.
The latter stage emphasizes the part and pays attention to the form proportion of the part.
The change of the degree of modularization is an important sign of the previous two stages.
