A brief analysis of the development trend of prefabricated buildings in China under the policy requirements and guidance, the prefabrication rate of prefabricated buildings will be significantly improved in the future, and the market will achieve breakthrough growth.
In February 2018, the Ministry of housing and urban rural development proposed in the evaluation standard for prefabricated buildings that the evaluation project can only be evaluated when the application proportion of prefabricated components in the vertical components of the main structure is not less than 35%.
△ statistical data on the market scale of PC component products in China from 2015 to 2025 source: the Ministry of housing and urban rural development and the National Bureau of statistics.
What kind of development and changes has prefabricated architecture experienced in China? What is its current situation and development trend? What are the problems in the landing of prefabricated buildings at this stage? What are the key control points at each stage? This paper will make a brief analysis of the above problems.
It can be predicted that China’s urbanization rate will continue to rise in the future.
Until 2010, domestic prefabricated buildings are still in the stage of slow development and technical research.
The construction industrialization with high mechanization and low labor cost will have obvious advantages over the labor-intensive cast-in-situ construction mode.
However, the first mock exam has been difficult to continue, with the gradual disappearance of demographic dividend, the rapid rise of labor costs and the continuous loss of construction workers.
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A brief analysis of the development process of China’s assembly type in the 1950s, China embarked on the road of learning from the Soviet Union’s construction of socialism, carried out all-round and multi field learning on its experience in economic construction, comprehensively studied the industrialization and standardization of the Soviet Union, and vigorously introduced Soviet Union experts and technology.
For example, there are less than 10 workers on the production line of the professional factory with an annual production capacity of 1.2 million square meters, while the traditional manual operation needs more than 200 workers to produce the same number of floors; A 30 story building, using the prefabricated construction mode, only needs 12 workers to work for 180 days, which improves the work efficiency by at least 30% compared with the traditional construction..
At the end of 2015, the state issued the evaluation standard for industrialized buildings.
It is clearly stipulated that prefabricated buildings will account for more than 20% of new buildings in 2020 and more than 50% of new buildings in 2025.
With the decline of the growth rate of the employed population in the construction industry, the imbalance between supply and demand promotes the increase of labor costs year by year, which will greatly reduce the cost disadvantage of prefabricated buildings, and the long-term shortage of construction workers will also promote the change of construction production mode.
According to the statistics of the Ministry of housing and urban rural development and the National Bureau of statistics on the scale of the prefabricated market from 2015 to 2020, relevant research institutions predict that the market scale of PC components will exceed 100 billion yuan in 2025.
Prefabricated buildings have gradually entered the stage of large-scale development, showing a thriving development trend.
This paper mainly includes the following two forms of prefabricated buildings: prefabricated concrete structure, which is a structure with prefabricated concrete components (PC components) as the main components, prefabricated in the factory, assembled and connected on site, and combined with some cast-in-situ concrete.
In recent years, with the rapid development of China’s construction industry and the vigorous promotion and guidance of national policies, local governments have responded and actively implemented the development of prefabricated buildings.
In February 2016, the State Council issued several opinions on Further Strengthening the management of urban planning and construction, marking that the country officially promoted the promotion of prefabricated buildings to the height of the national development strategy.
According to the “14th five year plan” (2021-2025), the urbanization rate of China’s permanent residents will reach 65% by 2025, but this goal is only close to the average level reached by middle and high-income countries five years ago.
The opinion emphasizes that China must vigorously promote prefabricated buildings and build a national prefabricated production base; We will accelerate policy support and strive to make prefabricated buildings account for 30% of new buildings in about 10 years.
In addition, prefabricated buildings are gradually showing the following trends in development.
In the past few decades, the cast-in-situ concrete construction model has benefited from China’s rich and cheap labor resources and has been widely developed.
Prefabricated steel structure, which takes steel columns and steel beams as the main load-bearing components.
Wu Xuwen engineering director of Guangdong Yuehai Land Group Co., Ltd.
In May 1956, the decision on strengthening and developing the construction industry issued by the State Council proposed that “key projects, namely the construction of important industrial plants, mines, power stations, large bridges, tunnels, hydraulic buildings and other projects, must actively improve the degree of industrialized construction and actively adopt factory prefabricated structures and accessories…” however, due to the planned economy, The low degree of marketization and technical level of the industry have led to the stagnation of the level of construction industrialization and the development of prefabricated buildings.
The research of prefabricated buildings also benefited from the benchmarking construction at this stage, realizing the transformation from “0” to “1”.
Therefore, the weakening of demographic dividend will accelerate the upgrading of traditional construction industry to construction industrialization and make up for it through the improvement of labor quality.
On September 27, 2016, the State Council issued the guiding opinions of the general office of the State Council on vigorously developing prefabricated buildings, which defined the key areas for vigorously developing prefabricated buildings and steel structures, the proportion of prefabricated buildings in the future, new building objectives and key development cities.
Yuehai land engineering management line person in charge 1 China’s Prefabricated development overview and trend prefabricated building refers to the construction process of building through technical means integration and system integration of various production factors in each stage of residential industrialization production by using modern industrial means and modern industrial organization.