2 primary school is directly built on the roof, and noise control is a big challenge.
Herman Hertzberger, a Dutch architect, once expressed his educational philosophy: “education is like this: stimulate people’s curiosity and open the world, rather than being compressed into a small room.” in his view, schools should be given the open attribute of cities, so as to promote children’s communication.
Below: the buildings in the campus are gradually higher according to the scale requirements, just like the layout of the roof runway of No.
2 primary school, which was completed in 2014, has been “out of the circle” because of its bold and innovative design : in the extremely limited land area, we chose to design a circular school building and put a 200m circular runway on the roof of the building – this design aroused social attention and discussion at that time.
The concept of placing the circular runway on the top of the building is due to the extremely limited land area in the old urban area of Tiantai County – 7211 square meters A school of about 11000 square meters and a standard circular runway with a length of 200 meters need to be placed in the area.
Therefore, the focus of educational buildings is The creation of “social space”.
“The classroom is no longer the only teaching space.
Education has long been not limited to the classroom.
In 2011, Ruan Hao established zero one urban architecture firm in Hangzhou – as the name suggests, the firm focuses on people’s work and lifestyle in high-density cities.
Below: from left to right: playground, roof runway and grandstand, roof small theater.
The structural detail solution of the plastic runway of Tiantai Chicheng No.
In addition to the study of professional knowledge, it is more important for children to learn how to communicate with people.
In this way, the runway is placed on the roof, which provides an additional 3000 square meters of public space for the school on the ground.
Perhaps what makes him feel the most successful is not only the completion of the school, but also the emergence of many schools with runways on the roof in several years after the completion.
The following picture: the gable decorated with bright colors not only enriches the relaxed and lively campus space atmosphere, but also enhances the sense of belonging and identification of each area.
Above: an aerial view of the west of Haishu school in Hangzhou future science and technology city.
The aerial view of the east side of Tiantai Chicheng No.
2 Tiantai primary school, and the roof of the teaching building of Haishu school is also used to the greatest extent – the designer adopts the form of double slope roof, which is rooted According to the characteristics of each roof space, space design and activity planning are carried out in combination with the characteristics of corresponding student groups to create several interesting roof activity spaces.
“The design of the runway has broken through some specifications.
They are connected by winding paths to form a “fairy tale town” The ideal campus described by the children was then transformed into architectural language by the designer: the volume of more than 28000 square meters was broken up into 15 small houses with sloping roofs, and the architectural scale was gradually changed from small to large according to the different body scales and behaviors of children in all grades, so as to create a campus with friendly volume and pleasant scale through the combination of small courtyards It also breaks the rigid architectural arrangement in the city.
We have never seen such a thing before.” Ruan Hao described it this way.
The different use of roof space can be seen in many educational construction projects after the office.
According to the research and statistics of zero one city, only 60% of children stay in the classroom on Campus – while the remaining 40% are outside the classroom, including recess, lunch, exercise and physical education.
Designers should turn all campus spaces into ‘classrooms’.” This is the understanding of Ruan Hao, founder of zero one city architecture firm.
At the same time, the discussion on land shortage and campus environment has been activated.
2 primary school is to first install a spring shock absorber every 50cm under the plastic runway, that is, through a double-layer structure Another shock absorption is carried out to make the whole runway on the roof appear “suspended” Secondly, under the coordination of the school, the use time of the playground is specified, and the use time of the runway is staggered from that of several classrooms on the top floor.
Tiantai Chicheng No.
In order to ensure the safety of students, the side guardrail of the runway on the roof is set up in three floors – the outermost layer is a 1.8-meter-high strong wall The middle layer of the glass protective wall is a 50 cm green isolation belt, and the inner layer is a 1.2 m high stainless steel protective fence.
Above: roof space collection.
“In other words, outside the classroom, the environment of the whole campus is also very important.” Ruan Hao said in the interview.
Since then, the office has undertaken more and more educational construction projects In Ruan Hao’s view, the greatest significance of educational buildings is to “help children protect a paradise and pure land they should have”: “on limited land, if you can give more roof space, it is equivalent to giving more land to children.” He said.
In addition, the treatment of placing the runway on the roof also allows the number of building floors to be controlled at four floors as required, which is in line with the surrounding old-fashioned houses More harmonious; the subsequent elliptical teaching building layout has brought a kind of “introversion” to students The sense of security – this sense of security is also one of the core concerns of zero one city architecture firm in educational construction projects.
Children can describe their location according to different gable characteristics, thus forming a concrete image of their own The same “small-scale” design is also presented in the campus architecture of Yiwu new century foreign language school..
However, the runway of Tiantai No.
Below: teachers and students hold the opening ceremony in the courtyard.
Its prototype comes from a picture of children – before the project began, the designer asked the children in the school to draw their ideals The campus in the picture: in the picture, colorful small houses are arranged on the grass surrounded by green trees.
The education construction sector is the company’s four design business sectors (education, office, residence and consumption) As the first educational architectural project of the office, Tiantai Chicheng No.
The importance of open space and social space – Herzberg’s concept has had a far-reaching impact on educational buildings in the Netherlands and even Europe.
Haishu school, the future science and Technology City in Hangzhou, is a comprehensive construction project including kindergartens and primary schools.
“The thinking of managers will eventually make the whole campus simple, efficient and safe, but often in this case, the campus will lose the space feeling that should be casual, impromptu and can stimulate children’s creative thinking.” ——Compared with the needs of managers, designers prefer to start from the perspective of children.
2 primary school in Taizhou city is the first educational construction project completed by zero one urban architecture office.
2 primary school “feels simple and rough, but it is very strange.
Of course, the setting of the specifications itself is reasonable, but the specifications can not take into account all corners of a project.” Ruan Hao said in an interview that the code for architectural design of primary and secondary schools issued by the State Planning Commission It is mentioned that the distance between the long side of the classroom and the sports ground should not be less than 25m to prevent noise pollution.
In addition, gables with different bright colors and shapes are also an important part of Haishu school From the perspective of zero one city, campus life has a relatively long-term and stable state, so the “complexity” of campus architecture should be proportional to its use time: “if campus architecture is still designed in a simple state, its complexity is not enough – how can this support children to constantly explore and discover in such a long time?” The above picture is from left to right: looking at the gable, gable and staircase space from the inside of the gymnasium.
Above: students exercise in the main courtyard.