In the Japanese drama “Naoki Banze”, Naoki, the hero, always turns the camera to give a close-up of a strange building before he comes home from work
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This building is the tower of the sun
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Designed by taro Okamoto, the tower of the sun flourished at the 1970 World Expo in Osaka, and eventually evolved into a symbol of the times for Japan
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This strange tower is just the tip of the iceberg of Japanese architecture
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(about the magic tower of the sun, and listen to the next decomposition ~) from shrine architecture to modern architecture, from ISI temple to the national daidaimu arena, under the leadership of many architectural masters, Japanese architectural masterpieces are numerous, leading the way
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In this long history, there is a core issue, such as a steady stream of strong driving force, which has always led the direction of flow and pushed Japanese architecture to the world stage
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What is Japan? This issue of identity has been throughout the history of Japanese architecture
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In modern Japanese architecture, there is “Japan’s national consciousness”
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From the World Expo to the Olympic Games, from the imperial genealogy to the people’s care, behind the operation of each building is the debate about “Japanese characteristics”, which is the entanglement of nationalism and modernism, shuttling among the architects The Japanese pavilion in the World Expo is in full bloom
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Before the war, almost all the Japanese pavilions in the World Expo adopted the traditional design in order to arouse the interest of foreign countries
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This design itself is for westerners to experience the novel “Japanese” style
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For example, bird house, shrine, hall of divine happiness and Japanese garden were built in 1873 Vienna World Expo; Japanese house was built in 1876 Philadelphia World Expo; Japanese pavilion was built in 1900 Paris World Expo, which imitated the Golden Hall of FaLong temple; Pavilion, Golden Pavilion, Yoshino nunnery and Japanese garden were built in 1904 St
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Louis World Expo
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Japan Pavilion of 1900 Paris World Expo 👈 There are lanterns on the eaves
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The roof of Japan Pavilion at the 1904 St
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Louis World Expo is the most striking part 👉 It represents the image of Japanese architecture, and the most outstanding work of the Japanese pavilion before the war is the Japanese pavilion designed for a long time at the 1893 Chicago World Expo 👇 Influenced Wright’s design in 1893 👉 Japan Pavilion of Chicago World Expo stays on the right track for a long time~ 👆 The Japanese pavilion of the fair in Chicago “adopts the grand temple form” and is built on the island, forming a reflection in the water, just like the Phoenix Hall of the fair, which is full of a large number of white classical buildings and is known as the white capital at the Expo in Chicago
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Fenghuang hall, an important symbol of Japan, was built in the Heian era
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It’s like dreaming back to the magnificent and elegant imperial painting of Genji
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It is listed in the world cultural heritage
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Wright (one of the greatest architects in the United States, such as the flowing water villa) met this building during his visit to the World Expo
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He became interested in Japan and began to add Japanese elements to his design
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In 1915, during his short stay in Japan, Wright, influenced by Japanese culture, designed the Imperial Hotel in Tokyo
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👇 In 1937, at the World Expo in Paris, the unknown designer tsuzo Sakura handed over his works which made a sensation in the world
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This is the first overseas work of a Japanese architect highly praised
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👇 A masterpiece of gene mutation 👈 The Japanese pavilion of the 1937 Paris World Expo is a masterpiece of gene mutation, which breaks the tradition of harmony and adopts highly pure modernist design
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At that time, sakakura was toppled by Guili palace and devoted to making Japan Pavilion “a building with Japanese architectural spirit as its soul”
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Built in the Edo era, Guili palace is considered to be a masterpiece of Japanese courtyard architecture
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👇 GUI Li Gong academy GUI Li Gong 👆 Sakura Junzo’s design “presents the western style and carries out the Japanese spirit from beginning to end.” Henry Russell Hitchcock, an architectural historian, commented: “the Japanese pavilion tries to achieve harmony between the early internationalist style and the past national style
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From the results, it has achieved very good results In 1958, at the first World Expo after the World War II, when the budget was not sufficient, Maekawa designed the Japanese Pavilion (ranking ninth among 120 pavilions) which was highly appraised
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👇 The Museum of housing tradition in Japan, 1958 👉 Front view of Japan Pavilion at World Expo Brussels 👆 The building is covered by a huge butterfly roof with gentle slopes and supported by inverted V-shaped reinforced concrete columns
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On May 23, 1958, Belgium’s “workers’ daily” said that the building has “a roof like the wings of a gliding bird, and Maekawa combines the success of a thousand year old Japanese residential tradition with thoughtful modernism”
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The pinnacle of the Japanese pavilion in the postwar world expos was created by Tadao Ando
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👇 The first integration of tradition and high technology 👈 Tadao Ando, the Japanese pavilion of the World Expo in Seville, 1992, slides to the right
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In addition to the reinforced concrete foundation and side walls, the Japanese pavilion of the World Expo in Seville, Spain, 1992 uses wood, which is a traditional Japanese construction method
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It was the largest wooden structure in the world at that time – brand new and full of rhythm
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“This time, the Pavilion must integrate Japanese traditional culture with today’s high technology in a highly refined place, and give a hint of the possibility of cross-border exchanges,” Ando said It is composed of four columns with a height of 25 meters, a surface width of 60 meters and a depth of 40 meters, a bucket arch on the upper part of the column body and a beam frame structure reminiscent of Buddha like structure, and the light absorbed from the translucent membrane made of polytetrafluoroethylene
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The experimental application of materials in the construction of the Japanese pavilion made it the pinnacle of the Japanese pavilion in the postwar world expositions
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internal structure 👇 The style of imperial crown — Japanese head and Western body — the Japanese architecture after modern times did not go along the westernized road
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When the absorption of different cultures comes to an end, national identity will become a problem, followed by the problem of how to integrate traditional and modern
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In this process, “crown style” appeared, a Japanese “head” and Western “body” design
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A freak fabrication 👉 Imperial assembly hall scheme ~ slide left ~ Jiuduan Hall 👆 Another representative of crown style architecture, Jiuduan guild hall, is a classical building similar to the Austrian Parliament building, with a traditional roof composed of Xieshan, tangpofeng and qianniapofeng
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The roof, which symbolizes the “empire” of Japan, is like a “crown” on the western architecture
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Through the objective act of “putting it on the top”, it expresses the significance of Japan’s surpassing the West
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In modern reinforced concrete buildings, the roof of Hefeng was mechanically covered
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This kind of design was criticized by Yi Dongzhong as “deformed sculpture” and “national shame”
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Kenzo Tanaka (1913-2005), a famous Japanese architect, won the 9th Pritzker Prize in 1987
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Kenzo Tanaka is a representative architect who became active in the period of Japan’s economic take-off after World War II and won the praise of “the first person in Japanese contemporary architecture”
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In 1980, he was awarded the highest award in the Japanese cultural and art circles, the Japanese cultural medal
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He influenced a whole generation of Japanese architects, such as akimbo Kurokawa, Akihiko sakazaki and so on
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Master’s masterpiece: designed by Dan xiajiansan 👉 National Dai Dai Mu arena ~ slide left ~ National Dai Dai Mu arena is the main venue of the 1964 Tokyo Olympic Games
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It is the pinnacle of Tanaka Kenzo’s structural expressionism period
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It is evaluated as “truly realizing Japanese design”, and is known as one of the most beautiful buildings in the world in the 20th century.
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