When unearthed, the four relics were placed in the four series of treasure boxes in the underground palace, supplemented by spices, symbolizing the fragrant treasure land of the Buddhist world.
The eaves and corners are upturned, and the top looks like a “Zan spire”.
The pagoda is a pagoda.
Traditional cultural elements ▲ part of the roof of the Tang gilded copper futu ▲ part of the tower body of the Tang gilded copper futu ▲ part of the platform of the Tang gilded copper futu ▲ part of the square tower base of the Tang gilded copper futu.
The tower is located on the platform on the third floor, with three rooms wide and deep.
The wild goose pagoda was built later (652) and earlier than the Wu Zhou period.
Foreign cultural elements ▲ part of the Tang gilded copper futu Tasha “futu” is a transliteration of the Sanskrit “pagoda”, which originated from the burial form of ancient India, and later developed into a majestic building dedicated to the relics of eminent monks, scriptures and various Dharma objects in Buddhism.
It was disassembled and stored separately when unearthed.
They are also spiritual objects in the Buddhist world.
What are the characteristics of futu? From the shape, it can be seen that this bronze pagoda is the product of the exchange and integration of Chinese traditional culture and foreign culture.
The complete shape of the futu we see now is assembled from scattered parts after being unearthed.
▲ the fourth Buddhist bone relic – bone shadow bone (collected by Famen Temple Museum) ▲ the fitting containing the fourth Buddhist bone relic.
The Tasha part of this futu is composed of xumizuo, six level phase wheel, canopy, flame backlight, Mani beads and other parts.
Xumi seat is located on the Zan spire, and there is a treasure temple on the seat.
The railings, mullion windows, door leaves, and Zan spires, cornices, brackets and columns on them are the characteristics of wood architecture in the Tang Dynasty.
Liang Sicheng, a Chinese architecture expert, mentioned in “Buddhist architecture in China” that in the Han Dynasty, the earliest Buddhist pagoda in China was born on the basis of the original high-rise buildings in China, coupled with the understanding of Indian Buddhist Architecture – Lu Du Po and Tasha.
On the phase wheel is a canopy with a cross flame backlight.
It can be seen that Tasha is one of the most prominent symbols of the pagoda.
Two watch columns are erected in the middle of each railing, with crouching lions on the top; The top platform is also square, with four peach shaped doors on the side of the platform; The platforms on each floor are connected by arc steps.
What is the structure of futu? ▲ Tang gilded copper futu (collected in Famen Temple Museum) is 53.5 cm high, with a base of 28 cm long and 28 cm wide, a second floor of 24 cm long and 24 cm wide, a third floor of 19 cm long and 19 cm wide, and a eaves of 23.51 cm long and 23.51 cm wide, weighing 7.4 kg.
On April 3, 1987, during the process of cleaning the tower foundation of Famen Temple, archaeologists accidentally found the underground palace of Famen Temple in the Tang Dynasty.
The brake tip is high, and the top is a mani bead.
A total of 4 Buddhist bone relics were unearthed in the underground palace of Famen Temple, of which one is “spirit bone”, which is the finger relic of Sakyamuni’s real Buddha, also known as gold bone, and is the supreme holy thing in the Buddhist world; The other three are “shadow bones”, which are specially made by Buddhists to protect the relics of the real body and provide people with support.
There are six phase wheels at the lower end of the treasure temple.
It can be seen from the size of the Ayu king tower and the size of the copper futu that the copper futu is huge.
The square base of the futu was placed on the Ayu King’s tower, and the tower body wrapped in silk bags was placed in the Ayu King’s tower, on which the disassembled tower top, Tasha and other debris were placed.
The base, platform and cornice of the copper futu are important components of Chinese Pavilion architecture.
On it is a double wheel crescent and a sun wheel.
▲ what was the function of the futu when the Ayu king tower was unearthed? At the time of excavation, a bronze floating TU was placed in the tower of Ayu king, and a gilded gilding Jialing Pinjia pattern (k) was placed in the copper floating Tu ǔ n) The silver coffin at the gate seat contains the fourth (named after the time sequence of discovery) Buddhist bone relic – bone shadow bone.
The relevance between the ink inscription on the Ayu tower and the ink inscription in the back room of the palace, as well as the architectural style of the Ayu tower, shows that the Ayu tower was built in the early Tang Dynasty and was once placed in the back room of the underground palace.
The tower base is square, and there are three layers of gradually receding platforms on the base: the platform at the bottom is square, with railings around it, and the upper and lower sections of the railings are decorated with jewels, Ruyi cloud heads, and gourd shaped ornaments; The platform on the middle floor is stacked in four levels, and railings are also set around it.
▲ the king Ayu pagoda (collected by Famen Temple Museum) at the head of Tang painted four shops is 78.5 cm high, with a base length and width of 48 cm, a second floor length and width of 40 cm, a eaves length and width of 47 cm, and a tower body length and width of 33 cm.
Therefore, the Ayu king tower, the copper futu, and the silver coffin at the gate seat are nested layer by layer to form the fittings of the fourth Buddhist bone relic.
This gilded copper Pagoda in the Tang Dynasty is composed of a tower base, a tower body, and a tower temple.
These inscriptions show that the Ayu king tower was originally placed in the back room of the underground palace..
If it is completely assembled, it should be difficult to put it into the Ayu king tower, so it can only be disassembled when it is placed at that time: the base is too large and is placed separately on the cover of the Ayu king tower; The tower body and other parts were wrapped with silk and placed in the Ashoka tower.
The guard rooms on all sides are equipped with two doors, with bars in the middle of the door, and a pair of guard warriors outside the main door and the back door respectively; The body of the tower has a column head Dougong, a patchwork herringbone arch, and Panjian Fang, LAN forehead, and Shu columns.
Tasha consists of xumizuo and baosha.
The structure is very exquisite, the roof is stretched and flat, and the doors and windows are simple, giving people the impression of solemnity and generosity.
With the excavation of more than 2000 cultural relics in the underground palace, one of them, a glittering architectural model of the Tang Dynasty – the Tang gilded copper floating Tu, attracted great attention.
What was the scene when the futu was unearthed? This futu was unearthed in the front room of the underground palace of Famen Temple.
In the archaeological excavation report of Famen Temple, it is mentioned that the Ayu king tower “has an ink inscription on the right column of the front door of the tower with a line of ‘knowing incense and fire in the real body ashram and indicating that bhikkhu often reaches'”, and eight lines of characters are vertically engraved on the inner side doorway in the back room of the underground palace “, including five bhikkhu and three laymen, including” bhikkhu often reaches and knowing incense and fire and playing “.
Judging from the Bodhisattva statues, Ruyi cloud pictures and carving techniques on the Ayu King pagoda, the stone pagoda should be larger.
However, according to the research, the Ayu king tower, the bronze futu, and the silver coffin with a gate seat were all independent offerings at first.
