The main factors affecting the cost of prefabricated buildings are: preliminary planning, design stage, prefabricated component production stage, transportation stage, construction stage, operation and maintenance stage.
In addition, the cost of infrastructure, management fees and profits are included in the price of prefabricated components, which affects the construction cost.
This will not only improve the efficiency and ensure the construction period, but also ensure the construction quality.
In addition, organize and manage well, integrate resources in advance, plan well, and understand the conditions or infrastructure of the construction site; Formulate scientific and reasonable general layout, stack materials and arrange construction machinery reasonably, reduce unnecessary waste of materials and mechanical equipment, and avoid secondary handling of fabricated building components; Select reasonable construction machines and tools, determine the construction scheme, and determine a reasonable construction period to arrange the later production and transportation plan and optimize management.
Keep pace with the times, constantly improve the production technology and process of production components, improve the level of intelligence and mechanization, use assembly lines to produce, reduce the labor intensity of workers, improve production efficiency, and reduce labor costs.
The cost of short-term storage, maintenance and secondary handling on site caused by production and transportation in advance shall be communicated in advance, and the factory production and transportation shall be arranged according to the construction schedule..
Control the material cost of PC components and parts, and make inquiry and pricing; Strengthen the research on new processes and materials, and improve the cost performance and material accuracy.
Key: planning in advance, scientific organization and resource integration At this stage, prefabricated buildings are still immature, leading to higher PC component prefabrication rate and higher prefabricated building costs.
Compared with traditional cast-in-place concrete structure buildings, prefabricated buildings have advantages such as short construction period, less pollution, flexible design, etc.
Enterprises need to provide relevant personnel, such as PC lofting personnel, mold designers, quality and quality control personnel, planners, radio frequency identification system technicians, etc., to train personnel in emerging posts and key posts, and require them to master the corresponding technology, operation essentials, maintenance essentials, etc, The combination of theoretical training and practical training of prefabricated component production training ensures that factory personnel have both theoretical basis and operational ability.
Key: personnel allocation and training, intelligent and mechanized production, reducing labor costs and material losses, and the production stage of prefabricated buildings is an emerging production stage.
According to the actual situation on site, select reasonable prefabricated parts and reasonably disassemble component modules; Improve the enterprise’s technical standard system, try to adopt mandatory and recommended standardization systems, determine reasonable component size and weight, reduce mold types and component specifications, and improve mold turnover times; When disassembling components, timely understand the site conditions and communicate with upstream and downstream units for adjustment according to the actual situation; Use advanced technology to optimize the disassembly design of components.
-Abstract – For the industry and market, the cost and cost of prefabricated buildings restrict their development speed and direction.
Designers need to be proficient in corresponding 3D design software and simulation technology.
In the production stage of prefabricated components, prefabricated components need people, materials and machines, and they account for a large proportion of the cost.
The cost factors of each project stage and cost control in the early planning stage account for a small proportion of the total cost.
Under such a large environment, enterprises must pay attention to the standard of project number and scale efficiency, and determine the appropriate assembly rate and prefabrication rate in the balance between the two.
The transportation phase includes transportation from the factory to the construction site, on-site handling, short-term storage and maintenance, secondary handling, etc.
At the design stage, designers need to meet the needs of various stakeholders, take into account the actual situation of the project, scientifically divide the prefabricated components, and achieve the optimal division of prefabricated components on the premise of ensuring quality.
The most important thing is to reduce the project cost as much as possible.
Key: professional skills, multi-party cooperation and optimization scheme The design stage of prefabricated buildings is modular design, which requires refined processes, information technology and integrated cooperation.
If you want to accelerate the rapid development of prefabricated buildings, you need to reduce the project cost and cost, and improve the efficiency on the premise of ensuring the project quality.
Key points: reasonably plan the route and loading scheme, scientifically arrange the transportation stage, reasonably plan the most appropriate transportation route, determine the road conditions along the way (the allowable weight of the highway bridge, the clearance size of the culvert tunnel, whether there are obstacles above the road, etc.), select the best transportation route and prefabricated component manufacturer from the project construction site, and reduce the quality problems and component loss caused by the deformation of prefabricated components caused by transportation, Meanwhile, take emergency measures to avoid traffic accidents; According to the characteristics of components (key points, shape, quantity, etc.), design the component loading scheme, select appropriate vehicles, place the components installed first on the outside or top, number PC components, and improve the utilization space of transport vehicles; Carry on site, arrange the pushing, storage and handling on the construction site, and store them scientifically for later installation; The information transmission of production, transportation and construction progress shall be done well to avoid information fault.
It is a general trend to use BIM technology for 3D design.
However, the country is vigorously promoting prefabricated buildings, giving many preferential conditions in tax, finance and credit policies, which can reduce some taxes and low interest loans, reduce construction costs, and constantly optimize the approval process in the project approval process, Improve the efficiency of examination and approval.
However, according to the time cost influence curve (the longer the time, the higher the cost), the time in the early planning stage has a great impact on the cost of the whole project, and the assembly rate of the planned (determined) project directly affects the total cost of the whole project.
As the design stage of prefabricated buildings involves multiple disciplines, training needs to be done well.