The summer heat island effect in contemporary high-density cities continues to intensify, and the energy consumption of building machinery cooling remains high.
Artificial temperature control, while alleviating high temperatures, has led to negative living experiences such as dry air, stiff airflow, sensory suppression, and mental anxiety.
Looking at the world, as a continent with a warming rate twice that of the world average, Europe has been hit by record breaking extreme heat waves in recent years, falling into a vicious cycle of installing air conditioning as it gets hotter, increasing carbon emissions from using air conditioning, and making the climate increasingly dry and hot, exposing deep weaknesses in the climate adaptability of modern building systems.
On the other hand, traditional Chinese ancient architecture and ancient city settlements do not require the intervention of mechanical and electrical equipment.
Instead, they rely on native materials, orderly courtyard textures, restrained building forms, and ecological foundations of mountains and waters to construct a complete passive cooling system, achieving a natural balance of spatial temperature, humidity, ventilation, and light and shadow.
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